Long-term durability

When a proper air-void system is provided, SCC can exhibit excellent resistance to freezing and thawing and to deicing salt scaling [160, 161 & 162]. It is difficult to stabilize air voids in segregating concrete. In such cases, increasing the concrete viscosity by use of a VMA or by changing the mixture proportions (through the addition of more powder and/or reduction in water) may be necessary to ensure adequate air-void distribution [163].